Questions 1-3

Questions 1–3

Reading Passage 1 has nine paragraphs, A–I.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A–I, in boxes 1–3 on your answer sheet.

a reference to characteristics that only apply to food production 1
a reference to challenges faced only by farmers in certain parts of the world 2
a reference to difficulties in bringing about co-operation between farmers 3

Questions 4-9

Questions 4–9

Look at the following statements (Questions 4–9) and the list of people below.

Match each statement with the correct person, A–G.

Write the correct letter, A–G, in boxes 4–9 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

Financial assistance from the government does not always go to the farmers who most need it. 4
Farmers can benefit from collaborating as a group. 5
Financial assistance from the government can improve the standard of living of farmers. 6
Farmers may be helped if there is financial input by the same individuals who buy from them. 7
Governments can help to reduce variation in prices. 8
Improvements to infrastructure can have a major impact on risk for farmers. 9

Questions 10-11

Questions 10 and 11

Choose TWO letters, A–E.

Write the correct letters in boxes 10 and 11 on your answer sheet.

Which TWO problems are mentioned which affect farmers with small farms in developing countries?

A A. lack of demand for locally produced food

B B. lack of irrigation programmes

C C. being unable to get insurance

D D. the effects of changing weather patterns

E E. having to sell their goods to intermediary buyers

Questions 12-13

Questions 12 and 13

Choose TWO letters, A–E.

Write the correct letters in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

Which TWO actions are recommended for improving conditions for farmers?

A A. reducing the size of food stocks

B B. attempting to ensure that prices rise at certain times of the year

C C. organising co-operation between a wide range of interested parties

D D. encouraging consumers to take a financial stake in farming

E E. making customers aware of the reasons for changing food prices

Questions 14-20

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14–26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

Questions 14–20

Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A–G.

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number, i–viii, in boxes 14–20 on your answer sheet.

14. Paragraph A 14

15. Paragraph B 15

16. Paragraph C 16

17. Paragraph D 17

18. Paragraph E 18

19. Paragraph F 19

20. Paragraph G 20

Questions 21-24

Questions 21–24

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?

In boxes 21–24 on your answer sheet, write:

TRUE — if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE — if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN — if there is no information on this

21. Bingham went to South America in search of an Inca city. 21

22. Bingham chose a particular route down the Urubamba valley because it was the most common route used by travellers. 22

23. Bingham understood the significance of Machu Picchu as soon as he saw it. 23

24. Bingham returned to Machu Picchu in order to find evidence to support his theory. 24

Questions 25-26

Questions 25–26

Complete the sentences below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 25–26 on your answer sheet.

The track that took Bingham down the Urubamba valley had been created for the transportation of 25 .
Bingham found out about the ruins of Machu Picchu from a 26 in the Urubamba valley.

Questions 27-31

Questions 27–31

Complete the table below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 27–31 on your answer sheet.

Test	Findings
Observing the 27. 27 of Russian-English bilingual people when asked to select certain objects	Bilingual people engage both languages simultaneously: a mechanism known as 28. 28
A test called the 29. 29 , focusing on naming colours	Bilingual people are more able to handle tasks involving a skill called 30. 30
A test involving switching between tasks	When changing strategies, bilingual people have superior 31. 31

Questions 32-36

Questions 32–36

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 32–36 on your answer sheet, write:

YES — if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO — if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN — if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

32. Attitudes towards bilingualism have changed in recent years. 32

33. Bilingual people are better than monolingual people at guessing correctly what words are before they are finished. 33

34. Bilingual people consistently name images faster than monolingual people. 34

35. Bilingual people’s brains process single sounds more efficiently than monolingual people in all situations. 35

36. Fewer bilingual people than monolingual people suffer from brain disease in old age. 36

Questions 37-40

Questions 37–40

Reading Passage 3 has seven paragraphs, A–G.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A–G, in boxes 37–40 on your answer sheet.

37. an example of how bilingual and monolingual people’s brains respond differently to a certain type of non-verbal auditory input 37

38. a demonstration of how a bilingual upbringing has benefits even before we learn to speak 38

39. a description of the process by which people identify words that they hear 39

40. reference to some negative consequences of being bilingual 40

Notepad

Part 1